Abstract
Ground water is the biggest source of drinking water available to human population around the world and is rapidly being polluted because of industrialization and increasing demands of agriculture around the world. A set of simple experiments were done to find out what kind of changes do some of these contaminants cause in ground water. Samples of tap water and bottled water were also analyzed for safety. Chemicals like oil, vinegar and soap cause turbidity, odor and color change in water samples. Tap water is just as safe to drink as bottled water because the contamination levels are fairly equal. INTRODUCTION Ground water is present below the surface in porous rocks and is susceptible to contamination by natural and especially human related activities. Large amounts of chemicals like soap and detergents, fertilizers and pesticides, pharmaceutical by-products are discharged in to fresh water aquifers every day. These contaminants leach in to the soil and dissolve in ground water. Different contaminants have different rates of solubility and degradation once they reach the underground water table either by simple flow or by the downward movement of rain water. The ground water may become contaminated with both organic and inorganic substances especially heavy metals like Cadmium, Chromium and Nickel, etc. (Christensen et al, 2001). Pharmaceutical wastes can cause cancer in human cells. (Krifa et al. 2013). Many pharmaceutically active chemicals reach groundwater sources almost untreated and cause contamination. (Herber, 2002). Increase in the emissions of carbon dioxide by burning fossil fuels is the single largest cause of environmental degradation resulting not only in global warming but also causing acid rain which alters the pH of ground water. Water is a universal solvent; however, its dissolving properties are very sensitive to changes in temperature and pH. Global economic growth has, unfortunately, resulted in high levels of carbon dioxide emissions.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
SCI 207 Week 3 Assignment Outline if the Final Lab Report – NEW
ABSTRACT
Ground water is the biggest source of drinking water available to human population around the world and is rapidly being polluted because of industrialization and increasing demands of agriculture around the world. A set of simple experiments were done to find out what kind of changes do some of these contaminants cause in ground water. Samples of tap water and bottled water were also analyzed for safety. Chemicals like oil, vinegar and soap cause turbidity, odor and color change in water samples. Tap water is much safer to drink than bottled water because it contains less contamination than bottles water.
INTRODUCTION
Ground water is present below the surface in porous rocks and is susceptible to contamination by natural and especially human related activities. Large amounts of chemicals like soap and detergents, fertilizers and pesticides, pharmaceutical by-products are discharged in to fresh water aquifers every day. These contaminants leach in to the soil and dissolve in ground water. Different contaminants have different rates of solubility and degradation once they reach the underground water table either by simple flow or by the downward movement of rain water. The ground water may become contaminated with both organic and inorganic substances especially heavy metals like Cadmium, Chromium and Nickel, etc. (Christensen et al, 2001). Pharmaceutical wastes can cause cancer in human cells. (Krifa et al. 2013). Many pharmaceutically active chemicals reach groundwater sources almost untreated and cause contamination. (Herber, 2002). Increase in the emissions of carbon dioxide by burning fossil fuels is the single largest cause of environmental degradation resulting not only in global warming but also causing acid rain which alters the pH of ground water. Water is a universal solvent; however, its dissolving properties are very sensitive to changes in temperature and pH. Global economic growth has, unfortunately, resulted in high levels of carbon dioxide emissions worldwide with the current annual rate at 3.3% from 1.3% in the last decade. (Canadell et al, 2007). The demands of agricultural output have put a lot pressure on fresh water sources. Rapid industrialization has led to huge increase in the usage of ground water. The untreated industrial wastes are released back in to rivers and streams causing further pollution. Industrial units are the biggest users of ground water today with a share of almost 22% of the total water supply available in the aquifers. (Brown and Brian, 1998).
one of the most valuable resources that every plant and animal requires in order to survive. Water serves a different purpose to each species that needs and uses it. Water is used as a means of shelter, drinking, food production, etc. .. “Water has also played a major role in transforming the earth’s surface into the varied topography we see today” (Turk & Bensel, 2014). The water cycle is described as how water moves, and is stored between different spheres on the planet. This process occurs through evaporation, precipitation, infiltration, melting, and . “Consumptive (or extractive) uses involve removing water from its source for drinking or other residential purposes as well as for industrial use and irrigation of crops. In stream (or non- extractive) uses involve deriving benefits from water without removing it from where it is located” (Turk & Bensel, 2014). Groundwater is rain water that penetrates the soil and underlying rocks, or water from lakes that is absorbed in the soil or bedrock. When harmful substances are absorbed into groundwater, the contamination is not only harmful for animals/humans, but also to the flora and fauna. The purpose of these experiments is to explore the effects of groundwater contamination, study the water treatment process and test the quality of tap water versus bottled water. According to the EPA, “40% of people living in the United States use groundwater for drinking, cooking, cleaning, showering, and all other types of activities. 97% of people living in rural areas of the nation use groundwater, and 30-40% of water used agriculturally (for farming) are from the ground” (Matthew Babcock/Michigan Tech ). Groundwater contamination is separated into
Abstract The abstract should provide a brief summary of the methods, results, and conclusions. It should very briefly allow the reader to see what was done, how it was done, and the results. It should not exceed 200 words and should be the last part written (although it should still appear right after the title page). Introduction Body Paragraph #1 – Background: Water is the most cherished element on Earth. Without water all life would cease to exist. Therefore water quality and drinkable water is very important for the human race as well as all other species on the earth. Water quality research is used to continually keep drinkable, clean water flowing throughout our society. Roughly 97% of our water is made up of salt water which makes the 3% of fresh water that is drinkable that much more precious. Having clean, high quality water allows us to go through our everyday lives without developing different types of sickness such as Dysentery, Cholera, Malaria, and much more. “Worldwide, infectious diseases such as waterborne diseases are the number one killer of children under five years old and more people die from unsafe water annually than from all forms of violence, including war.” (Ross, 2002) This type of water contamination can be easily rectified when using the proper methods to improve water quality. The research used today is drastically changing the amount of unclean water that is passed from person to person which in turn is saving hundreds of lives. This type of research needs to continue to improve and become even more advanced so that one day there is enough clean water in the world for every person. Body Paragraph # 2 – Objective: During my experiment I will be running a series of tests, using various contaminates that will make the water undrinkable. Then I will begin cleansing the contaminated water with serval different methods to make the water drinkable again. Which will prove that water that has contaminates can be made drinkable. The reason for this experiment is to find out what will happen to contaminated water when combined with tools used by quality researchers that clean the water and make it drinkable. By finding out the answer to this question we will be able to better understand how clean water is made and just how valuable this research is.
Water Quality and Contamination Draft 3 biological and organic and inorganic chemicals. Pesticides are used to kill insects but can easily be absorbed in wastewater and cause liver damage and cancer in humans (EPA Region). Nitrates, found in fertilizers, can also cause serious problems. According to the Michigan Environmental Education Curriculum for Groundwater Contamination, over 115 million tons of fertilizers are used in the U.S. every year. Fecal coli form can cause issues, especially e-coli bacterial infestations that are highly contagious. This is why the water treatment process is essential toward avoiding public health issues. Benzene is another form of contamination generated by leaking fuel tanks and industrial water. According to the Michigan Environmental Education Curriculum for Groundwater Contamination, too much benzene causes “cancer, nerve, lung, kidney and blood disorder (Howard Pearlman/U.S Geological Survey ). The wastewater treatment process is a lengthy process that includes screening, pumping,
Ground water is the biggest source of drinking water available to human population around the world and is rapidly being polluted because of industrialization and increasing demands of agriculture around the world. A set of simple experiments were done to find out what kind of changes do some of these contaminants cause in ground water. Samples of tap water and bottled water were also analyzed for safety. Chemicals like oil, vinegar and soap cause turbidity, odor and color change in water samples. Tap water is just as safe to drink as bottled water because the contamination levels are fairly equal. INTRODUCTION Ground water is present below the surface in porous rocks and is susceptible to contamination by natural and especially human related activities. Large amounts of chemicals like soap and detergents, fertilizers and pesticides, pharmaceutical by-products are discharged in to fresh water aquifers every day. These contaminants leach in to the soil and dissolve in ground water. Different contaminants have different rates of solubility and degradation once they reach the underground water table either by simple flow or by the downward movement of rain water. The ground water may become contaminated with both organic and inorganic substances especially heavy metals like Cadmium, Chromium and Nickel, etc. (Christensen et al, 2001). Pharmaceutical wastes can cause cancer in human cells. (Krifa et al. 2013). Many pharmaceutically active chemicals reach groundwater sources almost untreated and cause contamination. (Herber, 2002). Increase in the emissions of carbon dioxide by burning fossil fuels is the single largest cause of environmental degradation resulting not only in global warming but also causing acid rain which alters the pH of ground water. Water is a universal solvent; however, its dissolving properties are very sensitive to changes in temperature and pH. Global economic growth has, unfortunately, resulted in high levels of carbon dioxide emissions.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
SCI 207 Week 3 Assignment Outline if the Final Lab Report – NEW
ABSTRACT
Ground water is the biggest source of drinking water available to human population around the world and is rapidly being polluted because of industrialization and increasing demands of agriculture around the world. A set of simple experiments were done to find out what kind of changes do some of these contaminants cause in ground water. Samples of tap water and bottled water were also analyzed for safety. Chemicals like oil, vinegar and soap cause turbidity, odor and color change in water samples. Tap water is much safer to drink than bottled water because it contains less contamination than bottles water.
INTRODUCTION
Ground water is present below the surface in porous rocks and is susceptible to contamination by natural and especially human related activities. Large amounts of chemicals like soap and detergents, fertilizers and pesticides, pharmaceutical by-products are discharged in to fresh water aquifers every day. These contaminants leach in to the soil and dissolve in ground water. Different contaminants have different rates of solubility and degradation once they reach the underground water table either by simple flow or by the downward movement of rain water. The ground water may become contaminated with both organic and inorganic substances especially heavy metals like Cadmium, Chromium and Nickel, etc. (Christensen et al, 2001). Pharmaceutical wastes can cause cancer in human cells. (Krifa et al. 2013). Many pharmaceutically active chemicals reach groundwater sources almost untreated and cause contamination. (Herber, 2002). Increase in the emissions of carbon dioxide by burning fossil fuels is the single largest cause of environmental degradation resulting not only in global warming but also causing acid rain which alters the pH of ground water. Water is a universal solvent; however, its dissolving properties are very sensitive to changes in temperature and pH. Global economic growth has, unfortunately, resulted in high levels of carbon dioxide emissions worldwide with the current annual rate at 3.3% from 1.3% in the last decade. (Canadell et al, 2007). The demands of agricultural output have put a lot pressure on fresh water sources. Rapid industrialization has led to huge increase in the usage of ground water. The untreated industrial wastes are released back in to rivers and streams causing further pollution. Industrial units are the biggest users of ground water today with a share of almost 22% of the total water supply available in the aquifers. (Brown and Brian, 1998).
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one of the most valuable resources that every plant and animal requires in order to survive. Water serves a different purpose to each species that needs and uses it. Water is used as a means of shelter, drinking, food production, etc. .. “Water has also played a major role in transforming the earth’s surface into the varied topography we see today” (Turk & Bensel, 2014). The water cycle is described as how water moves, and is stored between different spheres on the planet. This process occurs through evaporation, precipitation, infiltration, melting, and . “Consumptive (or extractive) uses involve removing water from its source for drinking or other residential purposes as well as for industrial use and irrigation of crops. In stream (or non- extractive) uses involve deriving benefits from water without removing it from where it is located” (Turk & Bensel, 2014). Groundwater is rain water that penetrates the soil and underlying rocks, or water from lakes that is absorbed in the soil or bedrock. When harmful substances are absorbed into groundwater, the contamination is not only harmful for animals/humans, but also to the flora and fauna. The purpose of these experiments is to explore the effects of groundwater contamination, study the water treatment process and test the quality of tap water versus bottled water. According to the EPA, “40% of people living in the United States use groundwater for drinking, cooking, cleaning, showering, and all other types of activities. 97% of people living in rural areas of the nation use groundwater, and 30-40% of water used agriculturally (for farming) are from the ground” (Matthew Babcock/Michigan Tech ). Groundwater contamination is separated into
Abstract The abstract should provide a brief summary of the methods, results, and conclusions. It should very briefly allow the reader to see what was done, how it was done, and the results. It should not exceed 200 words and should be the last part written (although it should still appear right after the title page). Introduction Body Paragraph #1 – Background: Water is the most cherished element on Earth. Without water all life would cease to exist. Therefore water quality and drinkable water is very important for the human race as well as all other species on the earth. Water quality research is used to continually keep drinkable, clean water flowing throughout our society. Roughly 97% of our water is made up of salt water which makes the 3% of fresh water that is drinkable that much more precious. Having clean, high quality water allows us to go through our everyday lives without developing different types of sickness such as Dysentery, Cholera, Malaria, and much more. “Worldwide, infectious diseases such as waterborne diseases are the number one killer of children under five years old and more people die from unsafe water annually than from all forms of violence, including war.” (Ross, 2002) This type of water contamination can be easily rectified when using the proper methods to improve water quality. The research used today is drastically changing the amount of unclean water that is passed from person to person which in turn is saving hundreds of lives. This type of research needs to continue to improve and become even more advanced so that one day there is enough clean water in the world for every person. Body Paragraph # 2 – Objective: During my experiment I will be running a series of tests, using various contaminates that will make the water undrinkable. Then I will begin cleansing the contaminated water with serval different methods to make the water drinkable again. Which will prove that water that has contaminates can be made drinkable. The reason for this experiment is to find out what will happen to contaminated water when combined with tools used by quality researchers that clean the water and make it drinkable. By finding out the answer to this question we will be able to better understand how clean water is made and just how valuable this research is.
Water Quality and Contamination Draft 3 biological and organic and inorganic chemicals. Pesticides are used to kill insects but can easily be absorbed in wastewater and cause liver damage and cancer in humans (EPA Region). Nitrates, found in fertilizers, can also cause serious problems. According to the Michigan Environmental Education Curriculum for Groundwater Contamination, over 115 million tons of fertilizers are used in the U.S. every year. Fecal coli form can cause issues, especially e-coli bacterial infestations that are highly contagious. This is why the water treatment process is essential toward avoiding public health issues. Benzene is another form of contamination generated by leaking fuel tanks and industrial water. According to the Michigan Environmental Education Curriculum for Groundwater Contamination, too much benzene causes “cancer, nerve, lung, kidney and blood disorder (Howard Pearlman/U.S Geological Survey ). The wastewater treatment process is a lengthy process that includes screening, pumping,
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