The staff of Porter Manufacturing has estimated the following net after-tax cash flows and probabilities for a new manufacturing process: Line 0 gives the cost of the process, Lines 1 through 5give operating cash flows, and Line 5* contains the estimated salvage values.

Use the following information for Questions 6 through 8: The staff of Porter Manufacturing has estimated the following net after-tax cash flows and probabilities for a new manufacturing process: Line 0 gives the cost of the process, Lines 1 through 5give operating cash flows, and Line 5* contains the estimated salvage values. Porter’s cost of capital for an average-risk project is 10%. Net After-Tax Cash Flows Year P = 0.2 P = 0.6 P =0.2 0 −$100,000 −$100,000 −$100,000 1 20,000 30,000 40,000 2 20,00030,000 40,000 3 20,000 30,000 40,000 4 20,000 30,000 40,000 520,000 30,000 40,000 5* 0 20,000 30,000 6. Assume that the project has average risk. Find the project’s expected NPV. (Hint: Use expected values for the net cash flow in each year.) 7. Find the best-case and worst-case NPVs. What is the probability of occurrence of the worst case if the cash flows are perfectly dependent (perfectly positively correlated) over time? 8. Assume that all the cash flows are perfectly positively correlated. That is, assume there are only three possible cash flow streams overtime—the worst case, the most likely (or base) case, and the best case—with respective probabilities of 0.2, 0.6, and 0.2. These cases are represented by each of the columns in the table. Find theexpected NPV, its standard deviation, and its coefficient ofvariation for each probability. Use the following information forQuestion 9: At year-end 2013, Wallace Landscaping’s total assetswere $2.17 million and its accounts payable were $560,000. Sales,which in 2013 were $3.5 million, are expected to increase by 35% in2014. Total assets and accounts payable are proportional to sales,and that relationship will be maintained. Wallace typically uses no current liabilities other than accounts payable. Common stock amounted to $625,000 in 2013, and retained earnings were $395,000.Wallace has arranged to sell $195,000 of new common stock in 2014to meet some of its financing needs. The remainder of its financing needs will be met by issuing new long-term debt at the end of 2014.(Because the debt is added at the end of the year, there will be no additional interest expense due to the new debt.) Its net profit margin on sales is 5%, and 45% of earnings will be paid out as dividends. 9. What were Wallace’s total long-term debt and total liabilities in 2013?

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